The Social Aid Regulation Reform - 1080 Words

During the period of 1984 to 1989 under section 29(a) of the Social Aid Regulation, the Quebec government provided those who were single, unemployed, and under the age of 30 with only $170 per month in social assistance, amounting to merely one third of its regular benefits. Full time benefits were only available to those over the age of 30 while benefits for those 30 and under were conditioned on the participation of government employability programs. The objective of the Social Aid Regulation was to encourage youth to either find work or attend school. Louise Gosselin was living in Quebec, was under 30 and was unable to find work or go to school. She was therefore in the unfortunate position of having scarce financial resources. She was homeless periodically, lived in an unheated apartment for a winter and when she rented a room at a boarding house it left her no money for food. As a result Louise Gosselin was subjected to selling herself. Gosselin brought a class action lawsuit ag ainst the Quebec government challenging the 1984 social assistance scheme on behalf of all welfare recipients under the age of 30 for violation of section 15 equality rights and section 7 security rights under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. She also challenged social rights in section 45 of the Quebec Chart. Gosselin ordered that the Quebec government reimburse all affected welfare recipients for the difference between what they actually received and what they would have received had theyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Contemporary Health Care Issues769 Words   |  4 PagesOur health system has grave problems that require reform, through reforming, there is optimism that there will be an increase in affordable health care and high-quality of care for America. Medicaid, Medicare and private sector insurances are all going through trials and tribulations because of spending. Obama Cares purpose is to put consumers back in charge of their health care and aid in driving down the cost of spending in health care. The reform will also strive to put forward a delivery systemRead MoreBenefits of Drug Testing for Welfare Recipients Essay1330 Words   |  6 Pagesincome or no income earners. In order for a person to be eligible for the U.S. welfare aid, program managers must determine a number of factors such as an individual’s gross and net income, the size of the family, emergency medical requirements and unemployment among other factors (Welfare Information par.2). These welfare benefits range from food stamps, child care support, health-care aid, to cash aid among others. The federal government avails these services to its needy citizens through theRead MoreAdvantages of Legalizing Prostitution1749 Words   |  7 Pages has taken a step in the right direction by legalizing prostitution. The legalization and regulation of prostitution in Canada will result in a decrease in crime, an improvement in health and better social conditions for prostitutes throughout the country. The legalization and regulation of prostitution in Canada is the best way to ensure the safety of women within the trade. The legalization and regulation of prostitution in Canada will lower crime rates, therefore providing better safety for prostitutesRead MoreExamining Government Regulations Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment Regulations Assignment The current government regulations I researched pertain to the clinical guidelines and the civil rights of persons living with HIV/AIDS in Portland, Oregon. Many people living with HIV/AIDS, at some point during their illness, find themselves in need of housing assistance and support services. Stable housing promotes improved health, sobriety or decreased use of alcohol and illegal drugs, and, for some, a return to paid employment and productive social activitiesRead More Politics and Poverty Essay1237 Words   |  5 PagesWelfare, Social Security, and Taxes. The following arguments present how those different perspectives affect the poverty issue in America today. Conservative Ideology Conservatives generally go with the perspective that less is more. Most would side with the argument that less government action is a better approach for society as a whole. Rather than promoting the idea of social equality, like the Liberal perspective, they promote social inequality. Most would like little government regulation andRead MoreReform of the European Common Agricultural Policy989 Words   |  4 Pagesalso outlines a number of broader principles aimed at improving economic and social issues in the agricultural community. These principles include ensuring social protection for agricultural wage earners; ensure that rural children have the same opportunities as those elsewhere; to aid those wishing to set up as independent farmer; to facilitate retirement pensions for farmers; to improve rural housing and to improve social and cultural infrastructure in rural areas (Fennell, 1979). Market unity;Read MoreWelfare Is A Government Program1111 Words   |  5 Pagesfinancia l aid to families or individuals who cannot provide for themselves. Welfare helps pay for poor people’s necessities such as food, housing, and medical care. Welfare is a program that is needed in the world, because some people don’t know how to be independent and take care of themselves. Social Welfare began after the Great Depression occurred. The Great Depression caused several families to become unemployed during and following this time period. The government stepped in to aid familiesRead MoreHow Did Industrialization Affect The Industrial Revolution1247 Words   |  5 Pagesto further industry, specifically the textile industry, became common place in England during the later part of the 18th century and the early part of the 19th. As society moved from an agriculturally based economy to an industrial based economy social transformation also resulted throughout England and eventually the continent. This shift created larger cities and moved the populace fro m rural farms to larger urbanized areas. The Industrial Revolution generated many changes within society thatRead MoreState and Federal Regulations for Nursing Homes for the Elderly1067 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Nursing home for the elderly State and federal regulations There were reports of rampant neglect as well as abuse of the people in the nursing homes across the USA, something that prompted the Congress to enact legislation to deal with this in 1987. The legislation was known as the Nursing Homes Reform Act which stated that each nursing home must provide services and activities to attain or maintain the highest practicable physical, mental, and psychosocial well-being of each resident in accordanceRead MoreThe Welfare Program Must Be Expanded Without Misappropriation Of Funds1417 Words   |  6 Pagesadministration complexity. There are many areas in which reforms could be instituted and the program could be expanded without misappropriation of funds. There should be greater oversight on the program’s overall administration. Those charged with determining eligibility and administering the program need to receive more training and education on the more obscure program regulations. A personal example of the systems shortcomings on training and the regulations is with the status of persons residing in more

The Appeals Process Stage of a Criminal Case

Anyone convicted of a crime has the right to appeal that conviction if they believe a legal error has occurred. If you have been convicted of a crime and plan to appeal, you are no longer known as the defendant, you are now the appellant in the case. In criminal cases, an appeal asks a higher court to look at the record of the trial proceedings to determine if a legal error occurred that may have affected the outcome of the trial or the sentence imposed by the judge. Appealing Legal Errors An appeal rarely challenges the decision of the jury, but rather challenges any legal errors that the judge or the prosecution may have made during the trial. Any ruling that the judge made during the preliminary hearing, during pre-trial motions and during the trial itself can be appealed if the appellant believes the ruling was in error. For example, if your lawyer made a pre-trial motion challenging the legality of the search of your car and the judge ruled that the police did not need a search warrant, that ruling can be appealed because it allowed evidence to be seen by the jury that would not have otherwise seen. Notice of Appeal Your attorney will have plenty of time to prepare your formal appeal, but in most states, you have a limited time to announce your intention to appeal your conviction or sentence. In some states, you have only 10 days to decide if there are issues that can be appealed. Your notice of appeal will need to include the exact issue or issues upon which you are basing your appeal. Many appeals have been rejected by higher courts simply because the appellant waited too long to raise the issue. Records and Writs When you appeal your case, the appellate court will receive the record of the criminal trial and all rulings leading up to the trial. Your attorney will file a written brief outlining why you believe your conviction was affected by legal error. The prosecution likewise will file a written brief telling the appellate court why it believes the ruling was legal and appropriate. Usually, after the prosecution files its brief, the appellant can file a follow-up brief in rebuttal. The Next Highest Court Although it does happen, the attorney who handled your criminal trial will probably not handle your appeal. Appeals are usually handled by lawyers who have experience with the appeals process and working with higher courts. Although the appeals process varies from state to state, the process generally starts with the next highest court in the system - state or federal - in which the trial was held. In most cases, this is the state appellate. The party that loses at the appeals court  can apply to the next highest court, usually the state supreme court. If the issues involved in the appeal are constitutional, the case can then be appealed to the federal district appeals court and eventually to the U.S. Supreme Court. Direct Appeals/Automatic Appeals Anyone who is sentenced to death is automatically given a direct appeal. Depending on the state, the appeal may be mandatory or dependent on the defendants choice. Direct appeals always go to the highest court in the state. In federal cases, the direct appeal goes to the federal courts.A panel of judges decides on the outcome of direct appeals. The judges then can either affirm the conviction and sentence, reverse the conviction, or reverse the death sentence.  The losing side can then  petition for a writ of certiorari with the U.S. Supreme Court.   Appeals Rarely Successful Very few criminal trial appeals are successful. Thats why when a criminal appeal is granted, it makes headlines in the media because it is rare. In order for a conviction or a sentence to be overturned, the appeals court not only must find that an error occurred, but also that the error was clear and serious enough to affect the outcome of the trial. A criminal conviction can be appealed on the basis that the strength of the evidence presented a trial did not support the verdict. This type of appeal is significantly more expensive and much more lengthy than a legal error appeal and even more rarely successful.

The Rise Of The Renaissance Essay - 1525 Words

The Renaissance began in Florence, Italy around the 1500’s to about the 1700’s. Florence, Italy was the mecca of this rebirth because at the time Florence was extremely wealthy and the people of the city had political freedom and those new ideals of the Renaissance were not being condemned in Florence as they were other cities. This was a time where the arts and the logic of one’s own mind was valued rather than criticized, the antiquated medieval ideals no longer matched the needs of those who were living during the early Renaissance. Eventually, a term for this way of thinking arose and was called Humanism, and what humanism is, is an ideology where humans can lead themselves to create a prosperous life and instead of leaning on supernatural forces for answers. Humanists believe that humans have enough logic to create conclusions themselves. This brand-new way of thinking caused a lot of controversy because it did question God’s ability and the churchâ €™s power, but the ideas behind it are still heavily used today, even in the 21st century. Humanism in the early Renaissance is important because it called for thinking with reason, it allowed an appreciation for human body and mind, inspired authors and caused a shift in power. When the Renaissance began in Florence, there were a lot people who were wanting to separate from this medieval way of thinking that was not allowing any type of growth of the inner-self, and since medieval ideals were heavily based onShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Renaissance1448 Words   |  6 Pagescalled the Renaissance. Of these figures, names like Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, and various others seem to pop up quite often. These individuals are said to have influenced this time period through their art, philosophies, and even religious views. These influences are still felt in society today. The Renaissance movement brought upon a new sense of humanism, thus gradually breaking individuals further away from the Church’s previous dominant ideas. Previous to the Renaissance, the ChurchRead MoreThe Rise Of The Renaissance2336 Words   |  10 PagesThe Renaissance was a time period where people became interested in classical Greece and Rome. This era took place from approximately 1300 to sometime in the 1600s, and began in Florence, Italy. The Renaissance began in this country as a cultural movement, or a change in the way a number of different disciplines approach their work. â€Å"After 1300 a much greater variety and quantity of goods was produced and consumed across the globe. Textiles, furnishings and items of apparel formed a key part of thisRead MoreThe Rise Of The Renaissance Era1166 Words   |  5 PagesClosely following the Middle Ages, the Renaissance era was a time from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century in Europe that brought a revival or â€Å"rebirth.† This rebirth came from an interest in ancient Greek and Roman education and prin ciples. Europe was becoming more politically stable, new technological advances, like the printing press, were being created, new discoveries were being made, and the exploration of new lands/continents was urged. Philosophy, literature and especially art wereRead MoreThe Rise Of The Italian Renaissance1287 Words   |  6 PagesThe Italian Renaissance, in contrast to the conservative attitude of the Middle Ages, introduced a society dominated by a secular, humanistic spirit. One of the most historically significant events of the Renaissance was the Reformation. 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Though several were unable to read, they became more aware of themselves and humanity compared to their earlier religious views on life, causing them to take a closer look at the human anatomy. Duri ng the English Renaissance, physicians began to advance the scientific studyRead MoreImpact Of Langston Hughess Contribution To Harlem Renaissance1697 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes contribution to Harlem Renaissance Harlem was founded back in the 17th century as a Dutch outpost. Harlem adjoins New York City and host a large population of the African American Community. The blacks found New York City to be more accommodative to their culture and ideologies, during the great migration of the early 1900s, Harlem became the major destination and it became home to many African Americans. [1] Harlem received over time, Harlem developed from a farming village to becomeRead MoreThe Renaissance in Europe1418 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Renaissance†, which is French for â€Å"rebirth†, perfectly describes the rebirth of art and learning that occurred in Europe between the 1400s and 1600s. During the era known as the Renaissance, Europe underwent a cultural movement in which people regained interest in the ancient cultures of Greece and Rome. A renewed interest in philosophy and human individuality lead to the development of more worldly and nonreligious focuses. Europe sought knowledge from the ancient world and moved out of the DarkRead MoreThe Renaissance: The Rebirth of Europe1245 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"The Renaissance represented a rebirth of the Aristotelian spirit. The results of that spirit are written across the next two centuries, which men describe, properly, as the Age of Reason and the Age of Enlightenment. The results include the rise of modern science; the rise of an individualist political philosophy (the work of John Locke and others); the consequent spread of freedom across the civilized world; and the birth of the freest country in history, the United States of America. The

Counselling for Development and Existential - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCounsellingfor Human Development and Existential. Answer: Introduction The concept of counseling has been there for long. Counselors have always sought to understand clients and counsel them. The need of counseling has been rising over the years and is important for the wellbeing of an individual. Since individuals have different needs and are in different states, there exist many types of counseling each its model with theories. The types of counseling all are in the broad category of the directive and non-directive counseling. Existential Counselling Existential counseling stems from the theory that humans always change depending on the environment and the circumstances surrounding them. The counselor centers on the life of the client and tries to help the client explore the value and meaning of their lives (P. E. Van Deurzen, 2002). The client is led to live in life according to their abilities and to be true to themselves by creating their identity (Adams, 2014). The counselor guides the client to explore and understand their ideals and values and does not give their judgment (E. van Deurzen, 2012). The aim of this method is to enable the client to live life on their terms (Jacobsen, 2007). The counselor must be aware that all the focus is on the client and should help them explore their strengths and opportunities without no judgment. This method has always been criticized for intellectualizing the life and abilities of the client. Without the judgment of the counselor, this method is often deemed narrow. However, this method is very effective for clients whose problems arises from lives challenges and with those clients who love to examine their lives. This method is often thought to be philosophical, and it works well with clients with the same thoughts about life and existence (Miars, 2002). Those clients who are less motivated to explore their lives will not get any help by use of this method. It helps the client understand the meaning of life and how they can take control of their lives without focusing on what they are doing wrong. Cognitive Counselling This is based on the theory that ones emotions and external events will influence the thoughts of the individual. How we evaluate a stimulus determines our response toward the stimulus (Appleby, Warner, Whitton, Faragher, 1997). This counseling is based on the idea that the client is stressed because of misleading thoughts about something (Rautalinko, 2013). It is also known as cognitive behavioral counseling since the aim of the counselor is to understand how thoughts and behaviors of the client interrelate causing the client to be depressed (Gable, 2008). A counselor will aim to help the client know the thoughts that are causing them psychological pain. This makes the counselor look at the clients life from his (clients) point of view and then advise them hence making them more self-aware and able to cope. Telling a client how they react about something may not make them feel better since the worry remains on their heads (McLeod, 2013). This approach is also disadvantageous in that the counselor takes a directive role so as to know what is wrong with the client. The client may feel that counselor does not fully understand them. This method works well with clients who do not mind introspection and will not mind the counselor exploring their behaviors (Jacobs, 2004). It is also useful for clients who are suffering from panic-induced stress, and depression since the clients will learn what triggers them and be able to monitor what they are upset about. The counselor often gives the client tasks to do which often induce stress so that they can try to fight the thoughts. Rational-Emotive Behavior Counselling It is founded on the theory that humans strive to live and be happy. It also realizes that humans can adopt behavior which is unreasonable and may stand in their way of achieving what they aim for (Ellis Dryden, 1997). It also holds that humans can change their thoughts and attitudes hence change their psychological state. A counselor aims to identify an event in the clients life, the attitude of the client toward the event, and emotional response toward that event (Ellis, 1999). The counselor helps the client replace the bad beliefs with better ones by accepting that all humans have weaknesses and they face troubles when trying to achieve their goals (Dryden David, 2008). A client should admit of a problem and how they feel about the problem. The counselor helps the client challenge their beliefs and overcome them by use of several techniques such as imagery and emotive techniques. This helps the clients replace their negative attitudes with positive ones. This approach can be annoying for the client since those beliefs, however irrational, are often held deep by them (Turner Barker, 2014). This method should only be applied to a specific group of clients otherwise it will be counterproductive. It does not also work with clients who are used to philosophical engagement with people. This approach, if used with other approaches, can successfully remove the irrational thoughts held by the client (Ellis Ellis, 2011). The counselor should work with the client and challenge them on their beliefs. This method removes the mental hindrances that the client has and helps them to achieve their set goals, both long-term and short-term. Client-Centered Counselling It is based on the idea that clients can control the directions of their lives. However, it agrees that when faced with adversity, a person may not live their lives as they would have wanted (Erekson Lambert, 2015). Predominantly, when individuals experience negativity, they will grow up in a different manner since the individual can integrate the thoughts hence changing their views. Psychological distress often occurs when the clients beliefs clash with that negativity(Casemore, 2011). The counselor should provide positivity to the client, be compassionate and shower the client with positive feelings, and be honest with the client. The client should be able to express themselves without criticism and judgment (Rogers, 1946). This enables a client to develop as their being by developing an identity. This method accepts that clients as the master of their fates and the counselor focus on their thoughts and feelings and not his own (counselors) (Mearns Thorne, 2007). In this approach, the counselor does not challenge the client on their beliefs and abilities. This means that the client does not receive expertise feedback on why they feel that way. The counselor does not engage professionally with the client. This method is useful to the clients who do not necessarily need expertise advice (Rogers, 1961). The client can be able to get meaningful change if they evaluate themselves honestly and take control of their lives. The client can explore their self and be able to solve their problems on their own. By giving the client a chance to assess themselves, the clients develop a sense of personal identity. References Adams, M. (2014). Human development and existential counseling psychology. Appleby, L., R Whitton,., B Warner., . A Faragher (1997). A controlled study of cognitive behavioral counseling in the treatment of postnatal depression. BMJ, 208(6767), 798-838. Casemore, R. (2011). Person-Centred Counselling: Overview. Deurzen, P. E. Van. (2002). Existential Counselling and Psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 4, 105. Dryden, W., David, D. (2008). Rational Emotive Behavior Counselling. Ellis, A. (1999). Rational-emotive therapy? Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 23(3-4), 143-189. Ellis, A., Dryden, W. (1997). Rational emotive behavior therapy. Ellis, A., Ellis, D. J. (2011). Rational emotive behavior Counselling. Erekson, D. M., Lambert, M. J. (2015). Client-Centered Therapy. Gable, J. (2008). Counselling Skills for Dietitians. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 28(3), 187-208. Jacobs, M. (2004). Psychodynamic Counselling in Action. SAGE Counselling in Action (Vol. 3rd ed.). Jacobsen, B. (2007). Authenticity and our basic existential dilemmas. Counselling Skills for Dietitians. McLeod, J. (2013). An introduction to counseling. Open University Press, 22(5)798. Mearns, D., Thorne, B. (2007). Person-centred counseling. Miars, R. D. (2002). A foundational value of counseling. Rautalinko, E. (2013). Significant aspects of client-centered therapy. Rogers, C. R. (1946). Reflective listening and open-ended questions in counseling. Rogers, C. R. (1961). On becoming a person: A therapists view of psychotherapy. The Sports Psychologist, 14(5), 80-92. Turner, M. J., Barker, J. B. (2014). Using Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy with Athletes. Van Deurzen, E. (2012). Existential Counselling and therapy.